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2
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5
Страница
1
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90
Section 1. Morphology, physiology and genetics of microorganisms
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Microbiology
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List of abbreviations
Section 1. Morphology, physiology and genetics of microorganisms
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Topic: design and equipment of a microbiological laboratory and safety precautions when working in it. Types of microscopy. Systematics and nomenclature of microorganisms. Main morphological groups of bacteria
Issues for discussion
Theoretical block of information
Work rules and safety precautions
Hazard working level with microbes and laboratory categories
Microscopes and microscopy methods
Main types of microscopes
Independent work
Test yourself
Test: laboratory design, microscopy, and bacterial systematics
Answer key
Topic: structure of a bacterial cell. Simple and complex painting methods
Issues for discussion
Theoretical block of information
Morphology and ultrastructure of a bacterial cell
Microscopic method for diagnosing infectious diseases
Simple and complex staining methods
Mechanisms of Gram and Ziehl–Neelsen stains
Special staining methods to identify individual bacterial structures
Methods for staining individual groups of pro- and eukaryotes
Study of the mobility of microorganisms
Independent work
Laboratory work №1. Define the concepts
Laboratory work №2. Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Laboratory work №3: The structure of a bacterial cell
Laboratory work №4: Microscopic diagnostic method
Laboratory work №5. Complete the table of complex staining methods
Test yourself
Test: bacterial cell structure and staining methods
Answer key
Topic: features of morphology and methods of microscopic examination of spirochetes, actinomycetes, rickettsia, chlamydia and mycoplasmas. Features of the structure of fungi and protozoa and their medical significance
Issues for discussion
Theoretical block of information
Independent work
Laboratory work №1. Fill out the table
Laboratory work №2
Test yourself
Test: morphology of atypical bacteria, fungi, and protozoa
Answer key
Topic: principles of classification and features of morphology and physiology of viruses and bacteriophages. Production and use of bacteriophages. Methods for identifying viruses
Issues for discussion
Theoretical block of information
List of bacteriophage preparations
Independent work
Laboratory work №1. Draw viral objects and label them. In the drawings, mark the main morphological structures of viral particles
Laboratory work №2. Draw a picture of the virus. In the drawing, mark the components of the virion
Laboratory work №3. Characterize the chemical composition of viruses
Laboratory work №4. Describe defective viruses, satellite viruses, defective interfering viral particles, viroids, virusoids, plasmids, transposons
Laboratory work №5. Characterize the stages of interaction between a virus and a cell
Laboratory work №6. Write down the classification of methods for cultivating viruses (give a brief description of the methods, indicating advantages and disadvantages) and methods for identifying viruses during cultivation (specifically indicate in which method which identification methods are used)
Cultivation methods
Laboratory work №7. Draw the structure of a bacteriophage, write a classification of bacteriophages and describe any preparation of a bacteriophage
Laboratory work №8. Describe methods for cultivating rickettsiae
Laboratory work №9. Describe the cultivation methods and development cycle of chlamydia
Test yourself
Test: virology and bacteriophages
Answer key
Topic: physiology of microorganisms. Cultivation of bacteria. Growth, reproduction, nutrition and respiration of bacteria. Bacteriological research method and its stages
Issues for discussion
Theoretical block of information
Independent work
Laboratory work №1. Define the following concepts
Laboratory work №2. Types of respiration of microorganisms (define the concepts, and also draw the scheme of cultures location with the types of respiration given below when growing in a liquid nutrient medium)
Laboratory work №3. Describe the isolating stages of a pure culture of aerobic bacteria
Test yourself
Test: bacterial physiology, cultivation, and growth
Answer key
Topic: methods for anaerobes cultivating. Bacterial enzymes. Biochemical identification of microorganisms. Fundamentals of genetics of microorganisms and biotechnology
Issues for discussion
Theoretical block of information
Features of anaerobic bacteria cultivation
Instruments and media for the cultivation of anaerobes
Microanaerostat
Enzyme systems of microorganisms
Technique of sowing from one test tube to another
Sowing on semi-liquid HIS-selective medium
Sowing on meat-peptone broth (MPB) to study proteolytic properties
Independent work
Laboratory work №1. Define the concepts
Laboratory work №2. Write down and sketch various sowing techniques (loop, needle, spatula)
Laboratory work №3. Stages of isolating a pure culture of anaerobes (write down and characterize each stage)
Laboratory work №4. Methods for creating anaerobic conditions (write and sketch)
Laboratory work №5. Enzymatic properties of bacteria
Test yourself
Test: anaerobic cultivation, biochemistry, and microbial genetics
Answer key
Topic: final lesson in sections: «Morphology and physiology of microorganisms»
Issues for discussion
Test yourself
Final review test: general microbiology
Answer key
Topic: chemotherapy drugs and antibiotics. Characteristics and properties of chemotherapy drugs. Principles of rational chemotherapy. Resistance of microorganisms. Methods for determining the sensitivity of microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs (regulatory documentation)
Issues for discussion
Theoretical block of information
Some mechanisms of antibiotic penetration into bacterial cells
Methods for determining the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics
Diffusion methods
Breeding methods
Independent work
Laboratory work №1. On the diagram indicate the targets of action of antibacterial drugs on the microbial cell
Laboratory work №2. Define the concepts
Laboratory work №3. List the groups of antibiotics that have a bactericidal/bacteriostatic effect
Laboratory work №4
Laboratory work №5. Fill out the table «Principles of rational antibiotic therapy»
Task 1. Define the concepts
Test yourself
Test: antimicrobial drugs and susceptibility testing
Answer key
Section 2. Microorganisms and the environment. Pharmaceutical microbiology
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Section 3. The doctrine of immunity. Immunodiagnostic reactions. Medical immunobiological preparations. The doctrine of infection
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Section 4. Pathogens of bacterial and viral infectious diseases of humans. Pathogenic fungi and protozoa
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